Wednesday, August 1, 2012

How The Simpsons Saved American Literature Class ~ Hofstra University - Midterm Exam


Nancy Radecker                English 161-DL Midterm                                  July 19, 2012
1.             
Religion, morality and religious and moral ideas and attitudes influence American literature and I will show that because it is what common thread that binds all Americans together.   Our country was founded on religious beliefs and despite the separation of church and state we still see “In God We Trust” written on our paper currency and coins.  Even if someone has no belief in any particular God or higher being and thus living as an atheist, they still talk about it and are surrounded by those that are maybe faithful. The lack of faith in something doesn’t shield you from religious views, ideas and influences in your daily life, although you choose not to participate. It surrounds you and influences those around you.  Huckleberry Finn struggles with religion through the book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and the author Mark Twain threads this theme throughout and he makes those that are religious to be not shown in a good light. Twain sort of mocks religion, rather choosing to have the characters use their own moral judgment instead, but none the less, acknowledges religion time and time again. The Widow tries to talk to Huck about Heaven and Huck sort of acknowledges the conversation and even tells her that he will think about while he takes a walk, only to tell her that it didn’t do anything for him and he finds no use in it at all.  Twain believes that having a good moral compass is what you need to get through life and his character of Jim is an example of that. While on the raft going down the river Jim views the story of King Solomon the way he sees it, and doesn’t believe it the way the Bible sees it.  Jim uses his common sense and good judgment instead.  It would be almost impossible for American literature not be equally influenced with religious and moral ideas as you can’t write about characters without thinking will this character be influenced by religion or the lack thereof?  If the literature is about places around the world, well how many of them are also influenced by religion for example even talking about the American Revolution, if you visit a battleground, you are standing where men fought for the freedom of religion.  American Literature writings may not be completely engulfed with the ideas of religion and good or bad moral beliefs but cannot completely disregard it because this is what America is all about. 
It is important that Americans present themselves to the world and each other with moral ideas and attitudes about religion or the lack of religion, because we must embrace the fact again that this country was based on the Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Speech and I will give examples. 
America and its dream of religious freedom is why pilgrims came here in the first place.  In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Chapter one, Huck gets bored with the Widow when she tries to teach him about Moses, but he loses interest because Moses is dead and he takes “no stock in dead people.” (Twain).  Huck’s lack of religious beliefs is important because not everyone has to feel that there is a higher power, but yet he is an American and it shows that he acknowledges how others may feel about religion but if you are American you can choose not to feel the same way as others. Huck struggles with the fact that he helps Jim escape slavery when all the time society tells him that it is right that slaves are simply property. Americans need to show that even if the majority is in agreement with something but you feel it is wrong, you must stand up for what is right and speak your mind and have a good moral compass.  In the story of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn the author Mark Twain shows that as two friends travel down a beautiful, tranquil river they are surrounded by people in the town that are dishonest, distrustful, and use their religion to blanket and hide their sins.  This is truly what life in American is like, although the times have changed, there are good people and there are bad people but the common thread is America and the fact that you have all of these Freedoms to be able to be who you to choose to be. 
In the end, any piece of American literature whether it is a apparent and in your face, or subtle and quiet lingering in the background, has religion and morality threaded throughout the pages.  It is important because it is what America is built on and influenced by day in and day out.  Times change and religion is tested more and more and is debated and argued and yes I would say faith is declining but as American’s you have that right to choose not to have faith. Mark Twain does not seem a big fan of religion and his characters in his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn show that religion is acknowledged but does not have practiced to have a good moral compass.

3.     
My literary and cultural understanding of The Simpsons and is it worthiness’ of literary and cultural study is that The Simpsons as much as I am not a fan in every true sense of the word is cultural relevant and significant due to its overall cross representation of America and our culture.  I will show examples of episodes that show that The Simpsons are worthy of study and my understanding of how The Simpsons represent American character and culture.
The Simpsons firstly, are a typical American family married three children, house, and family dog, and cat and live in a residential neighborhood. Although Marge Simpson does not work, she is a good homemaker which may be the only non typical American family dynamic, since many mothers now have to work outside the house and earn a paycheck. I believe that the writers chose Marge to be a stay at home to portray the nostalgic times back in the fifties and sixties when the father was the bread winner and the mother stayed at home.  The audience is made to feel comfy and look at a time in American history that was important.  The character of Homer as the imperfect father, who doesn’t like his job, but yet gets up and goes in day after day to earn the daily bread for the family he loves. Bart is the typical teenager who rebels against rules and authority but when pushed in a moral corner will usually end up making a good choice.  Lisa who truly is the kid everyone wishes to have, who cares about the planet, is a good student and loves her family but sometimes can get under your skin because she is a know-it-all. Lastly Maggie, the little daring who says a lot for an infant who doesn’t talk audibly, but instead talks using her actions, her pacifier as her drug of choice rather than Homer’s beer and Bart’s headphones and Lisa’s saxophone, yes they are all imperfect but none the less a family.  The fact that The Simpsons are depicted in a cartoon rather than real life actors gives the writers more freedom to parody so many films, books, news events that have influenced the viewers to help draw them into the show and thus help them relate to the characters and their many adventures.  The Simpsons are so American and yet no subject is too much to handle or taboo for the writers so they can cover topics that only people talk about in private which is much of the appeal to the audience. For example the episode entitled “Two Cars in every Garage and Three Eyes on every Fish”. The family is split down the middle when Homer’s boss Mr. Burns runs for governor to keep his nuclear power plant up and running because of a miserably failed government inspection.  Homer wants to make his boss happy and so he votes for Mr. Burns and forces his son Bart to wear a shirt that says “My dad is making me vote for Mr. Burns” and his wife Marge and Lisa don’t support Mr. Burns but rather an honest, hardworking opponent and the house divides because of it.  It reminds me of elections that I have voted in, some family members vote one way and other vote the other way. It becomes one against the other but yet they stuck it out. Homer’s boss didn’t get elected because well, he was crooked, but it shows an example of what happens in family during elections.  In the same episode the topic of nuclear pollution is brought up when Bart and Lisa are fishing and catch a fish with three eyes in a lake that run off from the nuclear plant spills into, the argument on the safety of nuclear energy is covered in a humorous but yet serious way. As the government inspector walks through the plant he checks off all of the violations as Mr. Burns tries to make up excuses and cover up blatant safety violations and then tries to bribe the inspector with lots and lots of money.  Americans are mixed on the subject of nuclear safety, so making a parody of this subject brings to the forefront how much do we really know about it and how do we not know that this really doesn’t happen? Writing this episode the writers show to the world that we too have to make sure that our agencies are doing their part to protect citizens from the dangers of nuclear energy. 
The family values in The Simpsons family are grossly aggregated in either direction. They love each and that does show, but in ways again that maybe are not talked about outside the family circle.  The fact that Homer and Marge go to bed every night together and the enduring way Marge says “Oh Homer” and the fact that Homer works at a job he hates just to put food on the table are just a couple of examples. The viewers can relate to those examples in their own home but the writers add in many other works in film and literature that viewers hopefully have read or watched to add to those moments.  One such example is when Marge gets the part of Blanch in the episode entitled “A streetcar named Marge” as Marge is practicing for her role she is supposed to break a bottle but can’t seem to get the anger out until in the background Homer is “being Homer” and she realizes how really annoying he is and then she gets angry.  Married couples can relate to this because we sometimes don’t realize what is bugging us about our spouse and what we tend to overlook about them. At the end of the episode Homer realizes that he needs to treat Marge nicer because he tells her that the character of Stanley reminds him of himself.  We need to take a step back sometimes and see how others treat others and make sure that we are not guilty of not being supportive or nice towards others.  The American culture wants to treat others with respect so while you view this episode you take a step back to think about your personal contacts and how you treat them.  The residents of Springfield could be our neighbors, viewers probably relate to more than one of them, making fun of them is just sort of relief valve. The characters say what we really want to say but don’t because we don’t want to offend, so we let the cartoon say for us.  The Simpsons make fun of everything even the police department.  Marge’s mom who totally doesn’t give her any compliments or love is a sensitive subject and in American culture we tend to think that the mother’s are always nurturing but for those that don’t have this type of relationship, the writers have tackled the issue in a way that you can see how painful it is but yet Marge continues to be the best she can be despite of her relationship with her mother. Marge over compensates for her lack of compassion from her mom and makes sure that she supports her children.
You can teach all these types of values, ideas and issues in a class room using books and such but seeing life’s lesson portrayed through cartoon characters and using many celebrity voices in a humorous way can be just a valuable and perhaps even better, which is why I believe that the show has been the longest running American animated program.  Since there is always another new novel or new film or new event The Simpsons will continue to tackle the tough issues and appeal to viewers and the show should be studied as a sort of history book of American culture for years to come.

Works Cited

Twain, Mark. "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn." Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1884. 230.


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